Learn about Spain: • • • • • • • Spain extends 505,182 km 2 over the Iberian Peninsula to the southwest of Europe. Hal G. Rainey Understanding And Managing Public Organizations 4th Edition there. The National Institute of Statistics indicates in 2011 that the population was 46,815,916. Spain is in the Central European time zone and adheres to CET (UTC+1) during the winter and CEST (UTC+2) during the summer months from March to October. The climate in Spain is predominantly Mediterranean. In particular, winters are mild and summers are hot in the coastal regions, with high rainfall in the Cantabrian area.
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In the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada, the climate is alpine, whereas the south eastern part of the country is semi-arid and the Canary Islands are subtropical. However, in the northern and mountainous regions, the climate is harsher and it is usual to see snow from the winter months until the end of spring. Spain is a very diverse country and each region has its own unique character and distinctive atmosphere. The country comprises 17 autonomous regions and two autonomous cities (Ceuta and Melilla on the North African coast). Each region has its own institutional statute, which is written into the Constitution and forms an integral part of the set of SpanishState laws. Spain is a country with a rich history.
This was particularly so in the 15th century, when the country started to flourish under the reign of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile. At that time, Spain was one of the world’s major powers with significant overseas activities, including sponsoring the successful voyage of Christopher Columbus (Cristoforo Colombo) and his discovery of the new world.
A more recent milestone in Spainish history was the death of General Francisco Franco in 1975, which ended a 40 year period of fascist dictatorship. After this date, Spain set out on its path towards democracy and the establishment of a modern market economy. Spain is now a parliamentary democracy, a member of international organisations including the United Nations and NATO and has been a MemberState of the European Union since 1986.
Historically, Spain’s primary industrial sectors have been food, textile, electronics production, highly developed machinery, including automobile plants, railroad foundries and workshops, diesel, electrical engineering and industrial equipment plants. The main manufacturing centre of Spain is the capital, Madrid and industry is predominantly concentrated in few regions in Catalonia, in particular around Barcelona, in Asturias, and in the Basque provinces. In the northern region there are also iron and steel works, a number of engineering industries, chemical plants, and shipbuilding facilities. General information on geographical, historical and political facts on: • •. Xenophobia: being a foreigner in Spain Spain has experienced a considerable shift in values and attitudes, particularly after the restoration of democracy in 1975. Spanish social values and attitudes were modernized as its people came increasingly into contact with the outside world and the country was opened up to the outside world. The influx of tourists to Spain had a great impact in this respect; not only did tourists bring foreign currency to the country, they also brought the democratic political and social values of Western Europe.